![]() ![]() ![]() For example, a fetus with Down syndrome can have one nasal bone that appears normal, and the second bone hypoplastic or absent. If the 2D ultrasound does not demonstrate two nasal bones, then 3D ultasound may be useful. In the section on Real-Time B-Mode ultrasound facial profiles of the nasal bone showed this pathology. The short or absent nasal bone has also been associated with Trisomy 18, a lethal chromosomal defect, as well as other malformations. FACEĪ number of studies have reported the association between an absent or small nasal bone and an increased risk for Down syndrome. The images displayed on this page may not be obtainable in all examinations. The following images are examples of fetal anatomy under ideal imaging conditions. One of the limitations of 3D/4D ultrasound is that imaging is dependent upon several factors that include the gestational age, position of the fetus within the uterus, whether the mother has excessive adipose or fatty tissue, and the amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus. The 3D/4D ultrasound often enhances the interpretation of fetal anatomy when the 2D image is difficult to interpret. This section will describe some examples of 3D ultrasound used to examine fetal anatomy in fetuses at risk for Down syndrome. ![]() Of the many defects, 3D/4D ultrasound has been useful in evaluating the skeletal and cardiovascular systems in fetuses with this condition. Fetuses with Down syndrome have multiple malformations, as has been previously discussed. ![]()
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