![]() By adjusting its field strength electrically we are able to tune the microstrip circuit to resonate at the required frequency. The resonant frequency is set by the strength of the field produced by the electromagnet. This induces the microwave circuit to oscillate at the same frequency. At a fixed frequency (depending on the strength of the applied magnetic field) a resonating field is set up in the YIG. When microwaves pass along the strip they induce electromagnetic vibrations in the YIG at the same frequency. ![]() The sphere, which is between 0.2 mm and 2 mm in diameter, is placed close to a narrow loop of microstrip, and is exposed to a steady magnetic field, produced by an electromagnet. Essentially, the material consists of yttrium and iron oxides formed into a garnet material and are therefore known as YIGs. Another technique for tuning depends on using a sphere of a ceramic material. The varactor diode is a microwave version of the varicap diode, and is often used as a tuning capacitor in transmitters and receivers. ![]() Microstrip is used in conjunction with other special devices suited to high-frequency operation. The circuits are ‘tuned’ to any required frequency by their widths, the lengths of each section and the spacing between adjacent sections. Other effects are obtained by using parallel strips with a gap between them, the coupling of fields between the strips having the effect of an inductor and capacitor in series. This technique can be applied to create the equivalents of other components such as transformers and mixers. ![]()
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